What do you understand by Metaphysical Poetry. Give an account of John Donne’s and George Herbert’s religious poetry [British Poetry (2018-19) Assignment 1]

Metaphysical poetry is a literary genre that emerged in the 17th century, characterized by its use of complex metaphors, philosophical exploration, and a looser use of meter. The term was first popularized by Samuel Johnson in the 18th century, and it was used to describe the work of poets like John Donne, George Herbert, and Andrew Marvell. These poets were known for their unique use of language and their exploration of profound subjects, such as spirituality, religion, and love.

John Donne is one of the most prominent metaphysical poets, known for his exploration of the themes of religion, death, and love. His poetry often features a complex and intricate use of metaphors, known as metaphysical conceits. For example, in his poem "The Flea," Donne uses the image of a flea as a metaphor for sexual intimacy, arguing that if a flea can suck blood from both him and his lover, then they are already physically connected.

Donne's religious poetry is also a significant aspect of his work, reflecting his own spiritual journey from a libertine courtier to a devout Anglican priest. In his Holy Sonnets, Donne explores the themes of sin, repentance, and salvation, using striking and powerful images to convey the intensity of his spiritual struggle. For example, in "Batter my heart, three-personed God," Donne implores God to break him and mold him anew, using violent and dramatic language to express his desire for spiritual transformation.

George Herbert, another prominent metaphysical poet, is known for his exploration of religious themes in his poetry. His work often reflects his own struggles with faith, doubt, and the search for spiritual guidance. In his poem "The Collar," Herbert explores the tension between the desire for worldly pleasures and the call of religious devotion, using a colloquial and conversational style to convey the speaker's inner conflict.

Herbert's poetry often features a more straightforward use of language and structure than Donne's, but it still retains the distinctive wit and philosophical exploration characteristic of metaphysical poetry. In his poem "Love (III)," Herbert uses the image of a house to explore the relationship between God and humanity, arguing that only God can make our souls a home.

In conclusion, metaphysical poetry is a complex and intellectually engaging genre that explores profound philosophical and spiritual themes through the use of metaphors, wit, and a looser use of meter. John Donne and George Herbert are two of the most prominent metaphysical poets, known for their unique use of language and their exploration of the themes of religion, love, and the human condition. Their poetry continues to inspire and challenge readers today, inviting us to question our reality and explore the depths of our consciousness.