Can satire be great poetry? Discuss with reference to Mac Flecknoe. [British Poetry (2018-19) Assignment 2]

Yes, satire can indeed be great poetry, as demonstrated by John Dryden's "Mac Flecknoe." Dryden's poem is a classic example of satirical poetry that has stood the test of time and continues to be read and appreciated by literary enthusiasts.

"Mac Flecknoe" is a satirical poem that was first published in 1682. The poem was written as a response to Thomas Shadwell's appointment as Poet Laureate, a position that Dryden coveted. In the poem, Dryden satirizes Shadwell, whom he refers to as "Mac Flecknoe," and portrays him as a mediocre poet who is unworthy of the position of Poet Laureate.

One of the reasons why "Mac Flecknoe" is considered great poetry is its use of literary devices. The poem is written in heroic couplets, a form of poetry that was popular in the 17th century. Dryden uses this form to great effect, employing a range of poetic devices such as alliteration, assonance, and enjambment to create a powerful and memorable poem. For example, in the opening lines of the poem, Dryden writes:

"All human things are subject to decay,

And, when Fate summons, monarchs must obey:

This Flecknoe found, who, like Augustus, young

Was call'd to empire, and had govern'd long"

Here, Dryden uses alliteration to emphasize the decay of human things, and he also makes a comparison between Mac Flecknoe and Augustus, the famous Roman emperor, to highlight the absurdity of Shadwell's appointment.

Another reason why "Mac Flecknoe" is considered great poetry is its use of humor and irony. Dryden's satire is biting and witty, and he uses humor to expose the shortcomings of Shadwell's poetry. For example, he writes:

"Shadwell alone, of all my sons, is he

Who stands confirm'd in full stupidity.

The rest to some faint meaning make pretence,

But Shadwell never deviates into sense."

Here, Dryden uses irony to mock Shadwell's lack of talent, suggesting that he is so bad that he never even attempts to make sense in his poetry.

In conclusion, "Mac Flecknoe" is an excellent example of how satire can be great poetry. Dryden's use of literary devices, humor, and irony creates a powerful and memorable poem that continues to be read and appreciated centuries after it was written.